At this stage, the degree of electronicization of traditional automobiles is not high, the demand for PCBs is small, and the value of PCBs is relatively low. PCB accounts for about 2% of the cost of the entire electronic device. The average PCB consumption per car is about 1 square meter, worth $60, and the consumption of high-end models is 2-3 square meters, worth about $120-130.

Among the electronic components of traditional automobiles, the power system requires the most PCB, with a share of 32%, mainly including engine control unit, starter, generator, transmission control device, fuel injection, power steering system, etc.; body electronic system 25%, Mainly include automotive lighting, HVAC, power doors and seats, TPMS, etc.; safety control systems, accounting for about 22%, mainly including ADAS, ABS, airbags, etc.; others also include display, entertainment and other in-vehicle electronic systems.

Compared with traditional vehicles, new energy vehicles have significantly increased demand for PCBs due to their unique power systems.

New energy vehicles are mainly divided into pure electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles. The power system of pure electric vehicles is only composed of electric motors and power batteries, and the drive system is simple. A hybrid vehicle includes both an engine and an electric motor. It is mainly driven by the fuel engine during normal driving, and is driven by the electric motor when the power is sufficient. The power system in the pure electric vehicle adopts electric drive, which will completely replace the drive system of the traditional car, so the PCB replacement increment is generated. This part of the replacement increment mainly comes from the electronic control system (MCU, VCU, BMS). For hybrid vehicles, while retaining the drive system of traditional cars, a new electric drive system is introduced, which will also generate a superimposed increment of automotive PCBs.

It can be seen that the value increment of automotive PCB brought by new energy vehicles consists of two parts, namely the superimposed increment brought by hybrid electric vehicles and the substitution increment brought by pure electric vehicles.

As far as the value of automotive electronics is concerned, the superimposed increment generated by hybrid electric vehicles is basically the same as the substitution increment generated by pure electric vehicles. There is no longer a distinction between hybrid vehicles and pure electric vehicles in the calculation of vehicle plate increments.

Whether it is hybrid or pure electric, the specific sources of its PCB increment are mainly three power control systems (BMS, VCU and MCU):

VCU: It is composed of control circuit and algorithm software. It is the control center of the power system. Its function is to monitor vehicle status and implement vehicle power control decisions. The control circuit in the VCU needs to use a PCB, and the amount is about 0.03 square meters.

MCU: It is composed of control circuit and algorithm software. It is an important unit of the electronic control system of new energy vehicles. Its function is to control the operation of the motor according to the decision-making instructions issued by the VCU, so that it can output the required alternating current according to the instructions of the VCU. The amount of control circuit PCB in the MCU is about 0.15 square meters.

BMS: BMS is the core component in the battery unit. Through the collection and calculation of parameters such as voltage, current, temperature and SOC, it controls the charging and discharging process of the battery and realizes the protection and comprehensive management of the battery. The BMS hardware consists of a master control (BCU) and a slave control (BMU). The slave control is installed inside the module to detect the voltage, current and balance control of the single unit; the position of the main board is more flexible and is used for relay control, state of charge value (SOC) estimation and electrical damage protection, etc.

BMS generally uses multi-layer boards with better stability, and the monomer value is higher than other circuit boards. The function is to monitor the voltage, current and other indicators of the single battery, achieve balanced control, and prevent overvoltage and overcurrent from damaging the battery life and performance. Due to the complex structure of BMS, a large number of PCBs are required. The amount of main control circuit is about 0.24 square meters, and the single management unit is 2-3 square meters.

Due to the different process requirements of different control units for PCB boards, the prices of products are also quite different. For example, the unit price of the main control circuit board of the BMS unit can be as high as 20,000 yuan/square meter, and the price of the slave control board is 1500-2000 yuan/square meter In contrast, the PCB used by the VCU and MCU is an ordinary board, and the added value is not high, and the price is 1,000 yuan/square meter. At the same time, the number of individual management units of various BMSs is also different, resulting in differences in the PCB consumption of different models, with an average of about 3-5 square meters, and the PCB consumption of the whole vehicle is between 5-8 square meters, and the value is about 2,000 yuan. , much higher than a traditional luxury car.

In recent years, the global new energy passenger vehicle market has developed rapidly. According to statistics, the global sales of new energy passenger vehicles in 2013 was only 147,000. From 2014 to 2016, the global sales of new energy passenger vehicles were 350,000, 550,000 and 770,000 respectively, with a compound annual growth rate of 48.3%.

As the world's largest new energy vehicle market, China's market expansion rate is higher than the global average. From 2015 to 2016, the domestic new energy vehicle output reached 379,000 and 517,000 respectively, taking into account policy objectives, the impact of the point system and the Due to factors such as corporate sales planning, it is conservatively estimated that the domestic new energy vehicle production in 2017-2020 will be 700,000, 1 million, 1.2 million and 1.5 million respectively, and the corresponding market penetration rate will gradually increase to about 5%.

Based on this calculation, by 2020, new energy vehicles will bring at least 3 billion yuan of market increment to the domestic automotive sheet market. According to the statistics of the Global Energy Agency (IEA), the total global sales of new energy vehicles will reach 6 million by 2020. It is estimated that new energy vehicles will bring nearly 12 billion market increments to the global automotive sheet market.